Hmpv Virus Spread Cases in India, China News : Symptoms, Death Rate

• Concern: Rise in respiratory diseases, especially hMPV.
• Co-circulating Viruses: COVID-19, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and influenza A.
• Hospital Overcrowding: Reports of crowded hospitals.
• Vulnerable Groups: Children and vulnerable individuals most affected.
• Symptoms: Respiratory issues and flu-like symptoms.
• Response: Monitoring pneumonia cases of unknown origin since December 2024.

How to Prevent HMPV ?

• Preventive measures for HMPV are similar to those for other respiratory infections:
  • Wash hands regularly with soap and water for at least 20 seconds.
  • Avoid touching the face with unwashed hands.
  • Maintain distance from individuals showing signs of illness.
  • Clean frequently touched surfaces, such as doorknobs and toys.

What Should Those Experiencing HMPV Symptoms Do ?

• Individuals showing symptoms of HMPV or a common cold should follow these practices to prevent the spread:
  • Cover the mouth and nose: Use a tissue when sneezing or coughing to prevent droplet spread.
  • Wash hands regularly: Wash hands frequently with soap and water for at least 20 seconds.
  • Avoid sharing personal items: Do not share utensils, cups, or personal items to reduce the risk of infection.
  • Stay at home: If unwell, it is best to stay home and rest to prevent spreading the virus to others.

Is There a Treatment or Vaccine for hMPV ?

• Currently, there is no specific antiviral treatment or vaccine for hMPV.
• Supportive care is provided to ease symptoms and prevent complications.

How Does hMPV Compare to COVID-19 ?

• Similarities between HMPV and COVID-19:
  • Both cause respiratory symptoms like coughing, fever, congestion, sore throat, and shortness of breath.
  • Both are transmitted through respiratory droplets.
  • Severe cases of both can require hospitalization.
• Differences:
  • HMPV typically peaks during winter and spring, while COVID-19 can spread year-round due to evolving variants.

Commentary :

• Studies indicate that HMPV cases tripled in some regions after COVID-19 restrictions were lifted.
• The reduced exposure to viruses during lockdowns may have weakened immunity, leading to a surge in respiratory infections once restrictions were eased.

India’s Response to hMPV Concerns :

• As India marks the fifth anniversary of the Covid-19 pandemic, a new flu-like illness, hMPV, has raised concerns.
• The Indian government has reassured the public, stating there is no need to panic.
• Health authorities are closely monitoring the spread of respiratory illnesses, including seasonal influenza and hMPV.

Outbreak of hMPV in China :

• China has seen a rise in hMPV cases, especially among children and the elderly.
• The outbreak has led to comparisons with the early days of the Covid-19 pandemic, with reports of overwhelmed hospitals.
• However, the Indian government insists that the situation is under control.

Symptoms and Spread of hMPV :

• hMPV causes flu-like symptoms, with mild conditions such as a runny nose to severe symptoms like breathing difficulties and chest pain.
• The virus is most contagious during late winter and early spring but can occur year-round.
• It spreads via droplets, direct contact, and possibly airborne particles.
• The elderly and children are particularly vulnerable.

Current Situation in India :

• Dr. Atul Goel, Director General of Health Services, stated no significant increase in respiratory illness cases was observed in India.
• The National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) has intensified monitoring of respiratory illnesses in the country.
• Dr. Sourabh Pahuja emphasized that hMPV has been present in India for years, primarily affecting children aged 10-14 years.

Treatment and Care for hMPV :

• There is no specific antiviral treatment for hMPV.
• Symptomatic relief includes antipyretics for fever, decongestants for nasal symptoms, and hydration.
• Severe cases may require hospitalization with oxygen therapy or mechanical ventilation.

Precautionary Measures :

• Dr. Goel reassured the public that hospitals are prepared for winter surges in respiratory infections.
• General precautionary measures should be followed, including avoiding close contact with sick individuals and practicing good hygiene.

Global Context and Public Concerns :

• Reports of mutated H5N1 bird flu strains in the U.S. and Canada have also raised concerns.
• While there have been no new advisories in India regarding H5N1, previous health guidelines remain in place.
• In China, the Foreign Ministry downplayed the severity of the outbreak, claiming it was a typical winter occurrence, and reassured travelers about safety.
• Despite these assurances, social media videos show overcrowded hospitals in China, highlighting the challenges of managing respiratory infections.